This large group of fish (the name of which is pronounced “sick-lids”) originates mainly from Central and South America and Africa, although three species (including one recent rediscovery) are known to come from Asia.
This group comprises several genera closely related to the South American genus Cichlasoma, and assigned to it until recently. The earlier name, and also Heros, is still commonly used. Their distribution encompasses lakes, rivers, and streams in not only Central America but also the southern United States and some Caribbean islands. The water in these regions is normally hard and alkaline (pH 7.5-8.0), and still or with a slow to moderate flow. The maintenance/breeding temperature is 24-27°C (75-80°F).
